Foreseeable Harm Standard

Introduction
The 2016 amendments to FOIA codified the foreseeable harm standard that was set out in Attorney General Eric Holder's 2009 memorandum.

Text of the Foreseeable Harm Standard
See also Text of the FOIA

5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(8)
 * (A) An agency shall—
 * (i) withhold information under this section only if—
 * (I) the agency reasonably foresees that disclosure would harm an interest protected by an exemption described in subsection (b); or
 * (II) disclosure is prohibited by law; and
 * (ii)
 * (I) consider whether partial disclosure of information is possible whenever the agency determines that a full disclosure of a requested record is not possible; and
 * (II) take reasonable steps necessary to segregate and release nonexempt information; and
 * (B) Nothing in this paragraph requires disclosure of information that is otherwise prohibited from disclosure by law, or otherwise exempted from disclosure under subsection (b)(3).”

Scope and application of the foreseeable harm standardy
The legislative history of the 2016 amendments makes clear that agencies must determine whether the release of “particular documents” will cause foreseeable harm, not simply generic categories of records. .

To date, no cases have been decided that further address the scope or applicability of the foreseeable harm standard.